Heartworms in Dogs

In this article on heartworms in dogs, I guarantee you'll discover something new or interesting - a  resource, a tip, an idea... something to help you learn more about the topic.

How can I say this?  Because having written many articles like this one, I know just how much research and background investigation into the subject goes into its creation. 

Heartworms (Latin name Dirofilaria immitis) are parasitic worms that are common in both dogs and cats.  Like their name suggests, they live in the dog's heart, normally free-floating in the right ventricle and nearby blood vessels.  The worms are transmitted from dog to dog by mosquitoes which pass the worm larvae through their saliva.  The presence of heartworms can be very dangerous to the dog's health.  Although the dog will not display signs of infection until it has progressed considerably, heartworms can be life threatening and are sometimes difficult to detect and diagnose.

Signs of Heartworm Infection

When a dog is first infected with heartworms, there are literally no signs and the presence of heartworms can not be detected even with a blood test.  Once the worm larva reaches the heart and matures, however, signs that are detectible by X-ray start to develop almost immediately.  These include damage to the blood vessels around the heart and lungs.  It is rare that a dog will be infected by only one worm and as the mature worms in the heart grow in size and number, the conditions worsen, eventually causing a blockage of blood flow.  It is at this point that the dog will start to display physical signs which can include pain, hypertension, difficulty breathing, lethargy or even fainting.  In extremely progressed cases the dog can suffer from heart failure and death although by the time the heartworm disease has reached this stage the owner has probably realized that something is going on and sought veterinary care.

Editor's Note:  I came across this article quite by accident - through a friend.  He was reading a website - and the articles on it captivated him.  He mentioned it, fortunately we managed to convince the author to agree to share this valuable content with others, and now you're reading it!

What you've learned has the potential to change the way you view this topic in the future.  And there's more to come...

Treating Heartworm Infection

Once a dog has been diagnosed as having heartworms, treatment must be started.  What this treatment is and how it is administered is dependant on the stage of heartworm infection.  Generally, there are four stages of heartworm disease.

o Stage One - Dogs at the lowest risk - heartworms are detected in X-rays but all other tests appear normal.
o Stage Two - Dogs are moderately infected, may have some difficulty breathing and be demonstrating coughing
o Stage Three - Dogs are severely affected & may display weight loss, have difficulty breathing, blood tests likely show kidney and/or liver damage
o Stage Four - Dogs have Vena Cava Syndrome and are in shock, essentially dying - surgery may be undertaken to remove worms, but there is no guarantee that it will save the dog.

When it comes to heartworms in dogs, prevention truly is the best medicine.  The best time to begin a preventative treatment is early in puppy-hood, before the dog is seven months old since dogs older than seven months are at a great risk for adverse reactions to the preventative treatments.

What you've just read is only the beginning of a fascinating journey into the subject.  There are many more useful resources on this site - I invite you to spend some time exploring them and learning even more.